中国热带气旋暴雨洪水的分布和水文特性   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王家祁  沈国昌 《水科学进展》1995,6(2):121-126

描述了由热带气旋形成和影响的暴雨及其洪水的地域分布,给出了区划;讨论了热带气旋暴雨洪水的水文特性,并与非热带气旋暴雨洪水作了比较。  相似文献   

A Beginner's Guide to the Internet for Paleolimnologists     

P. Roger Sweets 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1995,13(3):285-289

Both the technology of Internet communication and the size of the Internet itself has advanced exponentially in the last few years. As the technology becomes easier to use, the amount of available scientific data has grown with the Internet. Increasingly, funding agencies require accessible data as a final product for a grant or contract. An impressive amount of such information is available on the Internet now. The conclusion is straightforward, find out what connections are available to you and try them. Subscribing to one of the LISTSERV groups that follow is an easy way to start. If you are interested in further exploring the Internet, I recommend you start by finding a computer with a graphical connection to the WorldWideWeb. From there, the best, and the rest of the Internet is accessible.  相似文献   

墨西哥湾海上泄压和压力封存箱化的四维地震监控     

贺伟 Ande.  RN 《地学前缘》1995,2(3):21-28

在油藏开发和油藏工程方面，三维地震勘探技术正在起着越来越重要的作用，每年都可发现三维地震在这些方面的应用，特别是时间延续的三维地震即四维地震技术使得用计算机来监测油田开发的日子已为期不远。也许这种监测技术不久将成为石油工业的标准。野外生产监测仪可以源源不断、近真时地把地层压力、温度和流体的变化送到控制中心。在控制中心，油藏模拟、弹性波和声波的正反演将告诉我们有关这些变化的答案，进而通过先进的计算机视像显示来控制油藏的开发。文中我们应用在哥伦比亚大学Ｌａｍｏｎｔ－ＤｏｈｅｒｔｙＥａｒｔｈＯｂｓｅｒｖａｔｏ－ｒｙ发展的四维地震振幅分析技术分析了墨西哥湾ＥｕｇｅｎｅＩｓｌａｎｄ３３０／３３８块中的沙岩油气藏ＬＦ。初步结果显示，在类似北墨西哥湾的盆地中，连续三维地震反射振幅的变化可以直接显示第三系盆地中的碎屑岩油气藏的存在。井Ａ－８ＳＴ的成功钻探也证明了四维地震振幅的变化可以有效地帮助寻找油气藏。目前，我们正利用现有的测井资料结合地震正反演技术进一步分析振幅的变化。我们相信这种应用重复三维地震勘探的四雏地震技术将在油藏开发和生产中起着越来越大的作用。  相似文献   

A preliminary study on the existing forms of elements in sediments from Northern South China Sea     

Chen Shaomou  Lu Xiuyun  Wu Chuanzhi  Gu Senchang  Wu Bihao  Li Songjun  Li Xing  Chen Yongzhi 《中国地球化学学报》1988,7(4):372-377

Our studies show that major and trace elements in marine sediments can exist in four different forms: terrigenous detritus, clay mineral-adsorbed material, that occurring in carbonate and precipitated together with colloidal Fe-Mn oxides. The results of our investigations show that the existing form of an element depends mainly on its geochemical properties as well as on its sedimentary environment and mode of sedimentation. The sedimentary environment of the deep-sea area in northern South China Sea is obviously different from that of the inland-shelf area and of the relic sedimentary area. In the region studied the geochemical mobility of elements is similar to that in oceans elsewhere. Based on their mobilities, the elements can be arranged in the order of < Zr < Fe < Li < B < Rb < Cr< V < Ba < Cu < Co < Ni< Sr < Mn.  相似文献   

Geothermal observations in east Liaoning and haicheng seismic area     

Wang Andong  Ren Yuhe  Sun Wenfu  Yu Longwei  Liang Jingming  Cao Tianqing  Gu Haoding 《地震学报(英文版)》1988,1(4):60-72

We have obtained altogether heat flux data of 23 drill holes including 2 observational holes of thermal flow in the Haicheng seismic area. These data show roughly thermal structure of the crust in eastern Liaoning and in the Haicheng seismic area. The results indicate that there is higher value of heat flow in the belt north by east from Liaoyang to Xiongyue, the average thermal flux being 8.29× 10⁻²J/m²·s (2.0 hfu). The average thermal fulx in the Haicheng seismic area is 9.22×10²J/m²·s (2.2 hfu). Comparing with other known geophysical data of the Haicheng seismic area, we give a geophysical section of comprehensive interpretation. We suppose the low-velocity layer in the lower crust of the Haicheng seismic area is a result from intrusion of large-scale uper mantle substance. High temperature and low velocity mean that the layer has the nature of plastic mechanics. The focal region of the Haicheng earthquake is situated right in the upper part of that plastic layer. Obviously, this result is significant for studying the seismogenic process of the Haicheng earthquake and other intra-plate earthquakes. We attempt to emphasize that observation of heat flow is necessary for earthquake study. Gu Haoding did the actual writing.  相似文献   

Friction constitutive law with rate and state dependences     

Jicheng Gu 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1986,124(4-5):773-791

A general formula for the Dieterich-Ruina friction constitutive law with rate and state (n-state variables,n=1, 2,...) dependences has been obtained and discussed under the assumption that the slip acceleration a varies ion a linearly with the slip displacement , namelya = a ₀ + (-₀). Wherea ₀, ₀ are initial constants, is the acceleration rate and constant.a ₀ and may be arbitrary constants (positive, negative or zero).The extreme value of frictional resistance and the existence condition of the extreme value, which are very important and govern to some degree the motion process of a frictionally slipping mechanical system, have been analyzed. A critical value _c which is the measure of the velocity weakening and velocity strengthening of the mechanical system, and its properties and the relationship to the extreme problem have been studied. Again, according to the critical value _c, the concepts of light or strong velocity weakening (or strengthening) are introduced.A possibly new phenomenon that frictional resistance may vary in some kind of decayed oscillation is found. Finally, the condition for the smallest frictional resistance for a slipping mechanical system with nonuniform acceleration has been obtained.  相似文献   

Les quartzites à silicates calciques et scheelite: Préconcentrations familières ou pièges pour un tungstène étranger lié à l'hydrothermalisme périgranitique? Exemple du Nord-Est Transmontain (Portugal)     

C. Derré  M. Lécolle  G. Roger 《Mineralium Deposita》1986,21(2):164-168

Sans résumé  相似文献   

The Principle and Its Application of Type WRM-3 Multi-point Borehole Extensometer     

Gu Zhimeng  Bai Shiwei  Xin Zhijian 《岩土力学》1986,7(2):79-85

The design idea, principle of measurement, structural feature and some results obtained from the field measurements in hard intact and cracked soft rock masses are introduced in this paper.  相似文献   

Diversity and spatial zonation of volcanic rocks from the East Pacific Rise near 21° N     

Roger Hekinian  David Walker 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1987,96(3):265-280

A substantial range of petrologic rock types has erupted on the accreting plate boundary near 21° N on the East Pacific Rise (EPR). Young olivine basalts have Fo_89-86 phenocrysts, low bulk TiO₂ (1.1–1.3%), Ba (7–10 ppm), and high Ni contents (>100 ppm). Older plagioclase-olivine-pyroxene (POP) basalts have Fo_86-81 phenocrysts, high TiO₂ (1.4–1.7%), Ba (9–40 ppm), and low Ni (<100 ppm). The youngest olivine basalts erupt immediately around a segmented axial fissure system. Progressively older, more fractionated POP basalts have spread farther from the same fissure system, producing a stratigraphically-controlled zonal pattern of basalt type distribution around the eruptive fissures. A topographic and morphologic en echelon displacement of the ridge axis fissure of 1.7 km to the NW near 20°54N offsets this zonal distribution pattern. Low pressure crystal fractionation of olivine, plagioclase, and clinopyroxene (251) from an olivine basalt parent would yield POP basalts of the observed Zr, Ti, Y, P and major element chemistry. However very incompatible elements Ba and K are too variably enriched in POP basalts for this model to be viable. Small, variable degrees of mantle partial melting is not a viable model either because of the substantial depletion of Ni which correlates with incompatible element enrichment and because of the precise low pressure cotectic character of POP basalts. The in situ fractionation model of Langmuir (1987) can explain these features. The relative abundance of fractionated lavas, their small-scale areal chemical zonation, the petrochemical correlation between types, and geophysical evidence point to the existence of shallow fractionating magma reservoirs beneath the EPR at 21° N.  相似文献   

The Two-Dimensional Nonlinear FEM Analyses for the Diversion Tunnel on the Right Bank of Ertan Project     

Gu Xianrong  Li Jia  Ge Xiurun 《岩土力学》1987,8(1):31-39

The two-dimensional nonlinear FEM results for Ertan project were introduced in this paper, which were analyses on the section 0+679m of the diversion tunnel on the right bank. The influence of the variation of rock properties on the stability of the tunnel and the role of step-by-step excavation and shotcrete and rock bolting were emphasized here. Some suggestions on construction were given. The paper is useful to the preliminary designs and construction for the diversion tunnel on the right bank.  相似文献